Armenians in Baku during the Russian Empire.Other ethnic groups often accuse them of plotting conspiracies against their nation or of stealing wealth from the native population. Middleman minorities can be victims of racist violence, terrorists, bullying, genocide, racialist policy, or other forms of repression. However, their economic aptitude, financial success and clannishness, combined with social prejudices by other groups against businesses and moneylending, can cause resentment among the native population of a country. Middleman minorities usually provide an economic benefit to communities and nations and often start new industries. Famous examples such as Jews throughout Europe even at times when discrimination against them was high, Chinese throughout Southeast Asia and North America, Muslims and Parsis in India, Igbos in Nigeria, Indians in East Africa, Lebanese in West Africa, and many others. Often, they will take on roles between producer and consumer, such as trading and moneylending. There are numerous examples of such groups gaining eventual prosperity in their adopted country despite discrimination. This idea was further developed by American economist Thomas Sowell. The "middleman minority" concept was developed by sociologists Hubert Blalock and Edna Bonacich starting in the 1960s but is also used by political scientists and economists. A middleman minority, while possibly suffering discrimination and bullying, does not hold an "extreme subordinate" status in society. Minority whose main occupations link producers and consumersĪ middleman minority is a minority population whose main occupations link producers and consumers: traders, money-lenders, etc.
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